Early Signs of Dementia Normal Aging vs. Dementia: 10 Signs of Abnormal Changes in Cognitive Functioning
It is estimated that more than 55 million people worldwide have dementia today, with about 10 million new cases annually. Dementia refers to a group of diseases (such as Alzheimer’s disease) that affect cognitive and emotional functioning, such as memory, reasoning, and thinking skills, as well as activities of daily living.
Recognizing Abnormal Cognitive Changes
Dementia symptoms often appear gradually and can be mistaken for normal aging. Early detection is critical for optimal care. Here are 10 signs of abnormal changes in cognitive functioning:
Recent Memory Loss: Forgetting names or appointments occasionally is normal, but consistently forgetting without realization may signal dementia.
Difficulty Performing Familiar Tasks: Occasionally needing help with new appliances is normal, but forgetting how to operate familiar ones is not.
Language Problems: Forgetting simple words or substituting incorrect ones (e.g., calling a watch a clock) may be a sign of dementia.
Time and Place Confusion: Losing track of days occasionally is normal, but becoming lost in familiar places is not.
Poor Judgment: Occasionally, dressing inappropriately is one thing, but frequent inappropriate decisions (e.g., dressing incorrectly for weather) may indicate a problem.
Problems with Abstract Thinking: Tasks that were once easy or straightforward, like balancing a checkbook or following a recipe, may become challenging.
Misplacing Items: Occasionally, misplacing glasses is normal, but frequently placing objects in unusual spots or accusing others of theft is not.
Mood or Personality Changes: Individuals with dementia may become easily upset, suspicious, or withdrawn.
Loss of Initiative: Those with dementia might lose interest in activities or socializing.
Withdrawal from Work or Social Activities: Avoiding social or work obligations repeatedly could indicate dementia or depression.
If you or a loved one are experiencing these symptoms, contact Sound Insight Psychology for support as well as resources to help get you connected to a medical care team. We are here to help.
This resource is based on my article, “Normal Aging vs. Dementia: 10 Signs of Abnormal Changes in Cognitive Functioning,” originally published in Life After 50 magazine (March 2011 issue).
Disclaimer:
The resources provided on this page are for informational and educational purposes only and are not a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Accessing these resources does not establish a therapeutic or professional relationship.
